ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻴﻜﻢ ﺷﺮﺣﻲ : ﺃﻭﻻ‌ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺯﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷ‌ﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﻟﻪ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﺫﺍ ﻭﺟﺪﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﺘﺨﺘﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻭﻻ‌ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪﺙ ﺗﻢ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻵ‌ﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(yester day ,last +week,year,day,month,ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ +ago ﺍﺫﺍ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻂ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ :ﻓﺎﻋﻞ +ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ +ed ﻟﻸ‌ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻸ‌ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ i played football yesterday he went to his work last week ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎً ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺪﺙ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻤﺪﺓ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﻧﺴﺒﻴﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻘﻄﻌﻪ ﺣﺪﺙ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺎﻟﺤﺪﺙ ﺍﻷ‌ﻭﻝ ﻳﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻳﺴﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﺃﻭ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺪﺛﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻓﻜﻼ‌ﻫﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ+wasﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ+were+ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻟﻪ ing ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﺎﻥ ﺗﺪﻻ‌ﻥ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺍﺫﺍ ﻭﺟﺪﺗﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎً ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻭﻫﻤﺎ when ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ, ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ while when+ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ(ﺣﺪﺙ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ)+ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ(ﺣﺪﺙ ﺃﻭﻝ) while+ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ (ﺣﺪﺙ ﺃﻭﻝ)+ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ(ﺣﺪﺙ ﺛﺎﻧﻲ) when i went my home ,my father was watching tv while i was walking in the street,i saw a theif while we were walking in the street,we saw a theif ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ: ﻣﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ when ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﺩﻭﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﺗﺖ when ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ while ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﺩﻭﻣﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﺗﺖ while ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ: ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺣﺪﺛﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ while i was reading my book,my father was watching tv ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎً ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﺍﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪﺛﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻧﺘﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﺙ ﺍﻷ‌ﻭﻝ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﺑﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﺙ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ : ﻓﺎﻋﻞ +had +ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻵ‌ﺧﺮﻩ ed ﻟﻸ‌ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻢ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ after, ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﻤﺠﺮﺩ ﺃﻥ as soon as, ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻤﺎ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ before ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ( ﻗﺒﻞ) ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ after i had finished my lessons,i slept as soon as i had arrived my home,my mobile phone rang before i slept,i had finished my lessons ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ ﻫﺎﻣﺔ: ﻣﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷ‌ﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﻻ‌ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻷ‌ﺯﻣﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻥ ﺍﺧﺘﻠﻔﺖ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻔﻬﺎ ..

الفرق بين الماضي البسيط والتام